# 2.3 Direct Public Chain Issuance

For small and mid-sized RWA issuers, a direct issuance on public chains offers a more affordable and flexible alternative to the dual-chain model:

* The issuer incorporates an offshore entity in Hong Kong or Singapore as the legal token issuer;
* Tokens are issued on cost-efficient chains such as Polygon or Arbitrum using smart contract infrastructure;
* A legal linkage is established between the offshore token and the onshore asset via donation agreements, profit-sharing clauses, or mirror contracts;
* Investors interact directly with the token via a wallet or approved platform.

This approach significantly reduces costs (typically below RMB 500,000) and offers greater agility, making it ideal for early-stage projects and niche assets like fine art, IP rights, or specialty agriculture.